Description
'The book entitled Intensive Biofloc Nursery System for Vannamei Shrimp deals with the nursery rearing of P. vannamei in Biofloc based systems that can improve the digestive enzyme activity and immune response of the shrimp. High-density intensive nursery systems need a high amount of feed and other inputs. They also have a few disadvantages, such as organic waste accumulation and water quality problems. In view of this, biofloc technology has been developed for commercial aquaculture systems. This book covers the biofloc production technology, biofloc use in intensive nursery rearing system of P. vannamei, biofloc in feed utilization, the bioavailability of biofloc, and extracellular enzyme activity. It also deals with the nutrient absorption, growth enhancement, and growth performance of P. vannamei juveniles raised in indoor nursery raceway systems. This book will be useful not only for the students, teachers, and researchers but also for the technical personnel and fish farmers of the fast-growing advanced aquaculture sector.' Read more
Table of Contents
Preface v
Acknowledgments vii
1. Introduction 1
2. Review of Literature 5
2.1 Nursery Rearing of shrimp 5
2.2 Shrimp nurseries in Raceways 6
2.3 Aerobic microbial floc technology 6
2.4 Management of AMF 7
2.4.1 Distillery spent wash 8
2.5 Insitu biofloc culture 8
2.6 Exsitu biofloc culture 9
2.7 AMF as a feed for different aquaculture species 9
2.8 Nutritional profile of AMF 10
2.8.1 Proximate composition 10
2.8.2 Fatty acid and amino acid profiling of AMF 10
2.8.3 Bioavailability of AMF 11
2.9 Extracellular enzyme activity of AMF 12
2.10 Digestive enzyme activity of AMF 12
2.11 Physical and chemical characteristic of AMF 12
3. Materials and Methods 15
3.1 Site of the experiment 15
3.2 Experimental design 15
3.3 Statistical analysis 15
3.4 Experimental setup 15
3.4.1 Configuration of nursery raceways 15
3.4.2 Water source and treatment 15
3.5 Aerobic microbial floc (AMF) production 16
3.5.1 Insitu treatment 16
3.5.2 Distillery spent wash as novel carbon source 16
3.5.3 Calculation of carbohydrate requirement 17
3.5.4 Exsitu feed formulation 17
3.5.5 Feed and feeding management 18
3.6 Stocking of shrimp seed 19
Plate 1 AMF meal production in raceway 20
Plate 2 Exsitu feed production 21
3.7 Media, chemicals and Glasswares 22
3.8 Water quality 22
3.8.1 Microbiological parameters 22
3.9 Growth analysis 22
3.9.1 Percentage weight gain 22
3.9.2 Specific growth rate 23
3.9.3 Feed convention ratio 23
3.9.4 Feed efficiency ratio 23
3.9.5 Protein efficiency ratio 23
3.9.6 Survival rate 23
3.9.7 Quantification of DNA and RNA ratio in muscle 23
3.9.8 Proximate analysis 24
3.9.9 Moisture 24
3.9.10 Crude protein 24
3.9.11 Ether extract 24
3.9.12 Ash 24
3.9.13 Organic matter 25
3.9.14 Gross energy 25
3.9.15 Total carbohydrate 25
3.9.16 Digestibility Energy 25
3.9.17 Amino acid and Fatty acid 25
3.9.18 Evaluation of EAA 25
3.10 Enzyme analysis 25
3.10.2 Lipase 26
3.10.3 Amylase 26
3.10.4 Protease 26
3.10.5 Cellulase 26
3.11 Floc parameters 27
3.11.1 Specific surface area determination 27
3.11.2 Dehydrogenase activity 27
3.11.3 Floc Density Index 28
3.11.4 Floc concentration 28
3.11.6 Floc Volume Index 28
3.11.7 Pore volume 28
3.11.8 Porosity 28
3.11.9 Floc Settling velocity 28
3.11.10 Floc Pore Radius 29
3.12 Apparent digestibility 29
3.13 Economics 29
4. Results 31
4.1 Water quality parameters 31
4.2 Microbial activity in culture water 32
4.3 Growth parameters 38
Plate 3 Experimental animal 42
Plate 4 Experimental unit 43
4.3 RNA DNA Ratio 44
4.4 Extra cellular enzyme activity 45
4.5.1 Digestive enzyme activity between Treatments and Visceral
organs
46
4.5.2 Biochemical composition 47
4.5.3 Biochemical composition of shrimp 48
4.5.4 Biochemical composition of shrimp feed 48
4.5.5 Amino acid profile 50
Plate 5 Floc images 56
4.7 Economic viability 56
5. Discussion 59
5.1 Water quality parameters 59
5.1.1 Microbiology parameters 60
5.2 Growth parameter 60
5.2.1 Quantification of RNA - DNA ratio in muscle 60
5.3 Biochemical composition 61
5.3.1 Biochemical composition of AMF 61
5.3.2 Biochemical composition of feed 62
5.3.3 Biochemical composition of shrimp 62
5.3.4 Amino acid profile 62
5.4 Digestive enzyme activity 63
5.5 Extracellular enzyme activity 64
5.6 Apparent digestibility and Bioavailability 64
5.7 Floc parameter 65
5.8 Economic analysis 66
6. Summary and Conclusion 69
6.1 Further studies and recommendation 70
7. References 73 Read more
About the Author/Editor
S. Ezhilmathi has completed his M.F.Sc (Master of Fisheries Science) in Aquaculture from Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu. He won DSA Gold medal for the best M.F.Sc thesis in Aquaculture, Dr. T. M. Samocha Gold medal for the best M.F.Sc thesis in Aquaculture, Best paper award in Agriculture scientific Tamil society (SCITSA), New Delhi, India and the TNJFU Appreciation Award for the Development of "NUTRIFLOC" Technology. He also participated in several national and international conferences. He authored four research articles, five semi-scientific articles and a book chapter on recent aquaculture techniques. He has also contributed as co-author in many training manuals prepared for the fish farmer's trainings organized by TNJFU.
Prof. S. Felix has 38 years of teaching and research experience in aquaculture. He is the Past President of World Aquaculture Society-Asian Pacific Chapter and he has also served as Director of the World Aquaculture Society ( APC). Prof. S. Felix has served as Second Vice Chancellor of Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University and also served as Dean of the Fisheries College in Tamilnadu, India. He has developed 40 Constituent units for the University including half a dozen new Fisheries Institutes to impart fisheries education and trainings. He developed and introduced the Raceway culture technology for the first time in India. Under his effective leadership the Aquatic Rainbow Technology Park and an Aquatic Rainbow Mall for ornamental fish culture were developed at Chennai, as first of its kind in the country. He has 10 patents published on various aquaculture technologies to his credit. He has published 15 Text Books, 50 Manuals and more than 150 Research papers and reports. Introduced 30 new courses comprising UG, PG ,Ph.D and Paraprofessional programs. Implemented 30 R&D and Technology projects to develop a dozen aquaculture technologies for the benefit of farmers. Read more
